The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the level of Art Innovation Ability, Entrepreneurial Ability, and Risk Management Ability among second-year students (2023 cohort) at Beihai College of Art and Design, and 2) to propose development guidelines for cultivating these three core abilities at the college. The sample consisted of second-year students from the college, selected using stratified random sampling. Research instruments included a 5-point rating scale questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.
The results revealed that: 1) The overall level of the three core abilities among students was at a moderate level. Among the three dimensions, Art Innovation Ability scored the highest, followed by Entrepreneurial Ability and Risk Management Ability. Within the Art Innovation Ability dimension, the item “confidence in using digital tools for artistic creation” scored the highest, whereas “confidence in evaluating the commercial feasibility and profitability of artistic product design solutions” scored the lowest. In terms of Risk Management Ability, students demonstrated relatively higher awareness of the ethical risks of digital art but lower familiarity with legal requirements for artwork protection. 2) The proposed development guidelines comprise targeted pathways for each of the three ability dimensions. To enhance Art Innovation Ability, the guidelines suggest integrating market analysis and profitability evaluation modules into art design courses through collaboration with local galleries and design firms. To strengthen Entrepreneurial Ability, it is recommended to embed business model canvas training and long-term venture planning workshops into the entrepreneurship curriculum. To reinforce Risk Management Ability, the guidelines advise incorporating modules on copyright law, intellectual property protection, and contract negotiation into core art curriculum, along with practical exercises that navigate real or simulated legal scenarios.
Keywords: Development Guidelines, Art Innovation Ability, Entrepreneurial Ability, Risk Management Ability, Beihai College of Art and Design

The primary aim of this study was to assess regional counter-terrorism cooperation and stability in East Africa 2012–2022.Specifically, the study sought to: evaluate the role of regional cooperation counter-terrorism policies in enhancing stability in East Africa; to analyze the impact of regional cooperation counter terrorism policies on stability in East Africa and to assess the effectiveness regional cooperation counter-terrorism policies on stability in East Africa. The study holds significance for security policymakers, practitioners, and scholars engaged in the field of security studies. It was guided by a conceptual framework grounded in Terror Management Theory, Network Theory, and Deterrence Theory. Methodologically, the study employed a descriptive research design and targeted a population of 79 participants, comprising of; East African Community secretariat, E.A Police Chiefs, The United Nations Office of counter-terrorism, EU and Civil society groups. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 66 participants. Data were collected through survey questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis and presented in descriptive summaries. The study established that during the years from 2012 to 2022, the power of East Africa was dependent on the regional cooperation and the international support in the counter-terrorism domain that played the primary role in ensuring stability. The international community's direct financial assistance, technical support, and training programs allowed the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) and the regional security structures to perform excellently, thus reducing the impact of the shortage of local resources and at the same time strengthening the legal, institutional, and operational frameworks. On the other hand, support from AMISOM, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), and the East African Community (EAC) through joint military operations, intelligence-sharing, policy harmonization, and capacity-building, not only made but also enhanced the whole staff of the member states to interrupt, seal the borders, and deal with humanitarian needs of Al-Shabaab easily. The study recommended for: the development of sustainable funding mechanisms has to be the first and foremost priority. Although international financial support was very important, depending on the outside funding made the situation vulnerable when there were changes in the donor's commitment; there is a need to improve the collaboration between the institutions and the harmonization of their policies among the states. Different priorities in the countries and the differences in the capacity might sometimes limit the whole effectiveness of the cooperation between the regions. Furthermore, continuous investment in specialized training for intelligence, crisis management, and multi-border coordination is being constantly needed to keep the terrorists' adaptive strategies at bay; in addition, it is advised to bolster the intelligence-sharing networks and the technological infrastructure. The upgrade of surveillance systems, secure communication platforms, and real-time data integration will all enhance pre-emptive responses to the threat of terrorism. Lastly, it is necessary to formalize the coordination among donor agencies, AU/UN mandates, and regional meetings to ensure that the external help is not only in line but also in support of the strategies of the region, and thus, not creating either dependency or fragmentation.

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the level of Promotion of Higher Education Students' Enrollment System at Guangxi Talent International College and 2) to propose guidelines for the Development of Promotion of Higher Education Students' Enrollment System at Guangxi Talent International College. The sample group consisted of 217 teachers and administrators, selected by accidental random sampling from 515 teachers and administrators at the college. For the interview, 10 teachers and administrators were selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments were questionnaires and interview forms. The data analysis were calculated using frequency, percentage, means and standard deviations. The results were found that 1) The overall level of Promotion of Higher Education Students' Enrollment System at Guangxi Talent International College was at a moderate level. Considering the 6 aspects: Student Life and Facilities Information was at the lowest level, followed by Information of Fee and Scholarship, Curriculum and Department Information, Admission Results and Applicant Statistics Information, Application Channels and Applicant Eligibility, while Admission Procedures and Schedules were at the highest rank. 2) To develop the enrollment system promotion, it is crucial to enrich multimedia promotional materials for campus facilities, standardize scholarship and department introduction materials, develop pre-application eligibility guidance tools, publish categorized admission statistics, and establish a unified information release portal for admission schedules. These measures aim to enhance information transparency, reduce applicant confusion, and improve the overall effectiveness of the admission system.
Keywords: Enrollment system promotion, Higher education admission, Guangxi Talent International College, Admission information transparency, Vocational education.